Browsing by Author "Cruz-Méndez, Olivier"
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- Organización y comportamiento estratégico en la industria bancaria costarricenseThis investigation contains a diagnosis of the Costa Rican Banking System. The main instrument of analysis is an opinion pull applied to 25 banks of the system, related with strategy and competition.We concluded, the Costa Rican Banking System has two identified markets: corporative and personal. This classification is based on each bank manifestation as their main business orientation. Nevertheless the great majority of the banks, without consider their comparative size with the system, participate in both markets.There is a strong concentration around five entities, that is noted observing the outputs of the index of Herfindahl-Hirschman in function of the total asset, public deposits and credit, since it maintains relatively high levels in spite of their descending tendency in the last decade.An important point is the Costa Rican Banking Industry consider that there are possibilities of growth in the existence of market niches still not explored. Another interesting point is that the greater threat is based on the possibility of foreign competitors access, that they will face with a technological limitation, their principal disadvantage in order to compete in the market. Nevertheless, they rely on a competitive advantage very identified, which is the human resource.The rivalry inside the system has been increasing along the ninetieths and now it is perceived as very intense, especially for the banks in the corporative segment. However, the market is not highly competitive yet, in part for the legislation that becomes a barrier to the direct access for the International bank.In order to confront this greater competition, most of banks, independently of their segment orientation, follows a product differentiation strategy, being the personalized attention the main characteristic they use in order to differentiate their product.Inside the Costa Rican Banking System it is possible to identify seven submarkets, each of them conformed by banks with similar characteristics. These submarkets defines competition focuses that are strongly related.Finally five banks are considered leaders or benchmarking to the competition, actually, is very possible they determine most of the main prices of the System. These banks belong to the corporative segment and are: Interfín, Costa Rica, National, Banex and San José.
- Sensibilidad de la razón de morosidad y liquidez del sistema bancario nacional ante cambios en el entorno: un enfoque utilizando datos de panelThe main objective of this paper is to calculate the effect of some macroeconomic variables over the credit and liquidity financial indicators in the Costa Rican banking system. We also try to estimate the lag between changes in some macroeconomic variables and these financial indicators.Based on a panel data approach we found that: i) it is possible to identify a systemic reaction of the liquidity and credit indicators in front of changes in some macroeconomic variables, and that the differences between the banks are appropriately summarized in an constant intercept indicator which is specific for each bank; ii) the variables that seem to affect the credit indicator are: devaluation, inflation, new credit operations and the economic activity growth; iii) the liquidity indicator is affected by the monetary emission, the interest rate in local currency and the fails in banking credit operations; finally it is presented a quantification of the effect of some macroeconomic variables over the financial indicators, and an identification of the lag between changes in those variables.From the point of view of the Central Bank, these results allow it to identify which variables could generate systemic problems in each financial area considered; it is an important issue to be considered when the Early Warning System is analyzed.